SpringMVC之HelloWorld

springMVC的搭建过程：

1.导入jar

2.在web.xml配置springMVC的核心（前端）控制器DispatcherServlet
作用：加载springMVC的配置文件，在下方的配置方式下，DispatcherServlet
自动加载配置文件，此时的配置文件有默认的位置和名称
默认位置：WEB-INF下，默认名称：-servlet.xml,
例如以下配置方式的文件名：springMVC-servlet.xml
当加载了配置文件，springMVC就会根据扫描组件找到控制层

<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

3.创建一个POJO,在此类上加上@Controller注解，springMVC就会将此类作为控制层加载，让其处理请求响应
4.在控制层中，需要在方法上设置@RequestMapping(value=”hello”),
springMVC就是通过此注解将请求路径与控制层中的方法进行匹配，此时请求路径为localhost:8080/projectName/xxx
5.处理请求的方法会返回一个字符串，即视图名称，最终会通过配置文件中配置的视图解析器实现页面跳转
方式：prefix + 视图名称 + suffix，此为最终跳转的页面路径

HelloWorld

1.项目目录

2.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>SpringMVC01</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
</web-app>

3.springMVC-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    
    <!-- 扫描组件，将加上@Controller注解的类作为springMVC的控制层 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.test"></context:component-scan>
    
    <!-- 
        配置视图解析器
        作用：将prefix + 视图名称 + suffix 确定最终要跳转的页面
        /WEB-INF/view/success.jsp
     -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    

</beans>

4.index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="hello">测试springMVC</a>
</body>
</html>

5.success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>success</h1>
</body>
</html>

6.TestController.java

package com.atguigu.test;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class TestController {
    /**
     * 假设：localhost:8080/SpringMVC01/hello
     */
    
    @RequestMapping("hello")
    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("SUCCESS");
        return "success";//视图名称
    }
}

7.运行结果

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SpringMVC | SpringMVC之HelloWorld

SpringMVC之HelloWorld

springMVC的搭建过程：

HelloWorld